Steam-boiler.



Patented May l3, I902.

c. B. REAmcK,

STEAM BOILER.

(Application filed Oct. .21, 1899.

4 sheets-sheet (No Model.)

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no. 699,8l2. Patented ma 'la, I902.

C. B. REABICK.

STEAM BOILER.

(Application filed Oct. 21, 1899 (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

THE NORRIS PsTtRs co. mmaumo" msnluuron. n. cy

No. 699,8i2. Patented May l3, I902. C. B. BEABICK.

STEAM BOILER.

Application filed Oct. 21, 1899. (No Model.)

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N0. 699,8l2. Patented May l3, I902.

c. B. REABICK. STEAM BOILER.

(Application filed Oct. 21, 1899.)

(No Model.) 4 SheatsSheet 4.

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UNlTED STATES CHARLES B. REARICK, OF NElV YORK, N. Y.

STEAM- BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 699,812, dated May 13, 1902.

Application filed October 21,1899. Serial No.734,314. (No model.)

To (all 71/72/0721, 7'25 Huey concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES B. REARICK, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have inventednew and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in steam-boilers of the water-tube type, the object being, first, to secure a boiler in which a change of the angle of the heating-tubes and upper headers relatively to the water-line, as occurs in marine boilers, will not uncover the surfaces exposed to the heated gases; second, a boiler in which the steam after leaving the heating-surface will have the minimum of water to pass through before reaching the steam-space; third, more uniform circulation in all the tubes forming the heating-surface fourth, means for taking the steam from the upper headers by passages separate from those through which the circulating water passes; fifth, a water-tube boiler accessible for cleaning in all its parts; sixth, a water-tube boiler from which any injured or defective tube can be conveniently removed and a new one substituted with a minimum of head-space. I attain these objects in the construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a singleunit Water-tube boiler embodyingmy invention; Fig.2, a sectional elevation of the double-unit form; Fig. 3, a top view of the double-unit form. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through heating-tubes, showing cross sections of top and bottom headers and opening between top headers with removable cover for removing tubes in case of repairs. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of steam and water drum, water and mud drum, top and bottom headers, and their connections. Fig. 6 is a verticalsection of a lower header in a design where the water and mud drum is not used. Fig. 7 shows top of bolt which holds cover against the openings in the headers. Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation of a singleunit water-tube boiler, in which a single downflow-chamber of box form is used instead of the downflow-pipes; and Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectional View on line X Y of construction shown in Fig. 8.

Like numerals of reference in the different figures refer to like parts.

Referring now to Fig. 1, the boiler is composed of the furnace 1, placed on under side of vertically-inclined heating-tubes 4, which communicate at their upper ends with horizontally-inclined sectional headers 2. A cylindrical steam and water drum 5 is placed opposite the uppermost ends of the inclined upper headers, with its axis horizontal and above such headers, and connection between the steam and water drum and the upper headers is established by short tubes or passages 6. Vertically-inclined downflow-pipes 9, which are approximately parallel to the heating-tubes, leave the lower side of the steam and water drum at close intervals along its entire length and communicate at their lower ends with cylindrical water and mud drum 10, the axis of which is parallel to that of the steam and water drum and is placed approximately in a plane with the lower ends of the heating-tubes. The heating-tubes open at their lower ends into horizontallyinclined lower .headers 3, which headers open into water and mud drum 10 by passages 12. The water-line is carried at a sufficient height to completely fill headers 2 and connections 6 between them and steam and water drum 5. The casing of the boiler 13 incloses the headers, heating-tubes, and downflow pipes. I show smoke-exit at 15; but flame deflecting walls may be placed between the heating-tubes, so as to properly hold the heated gases on the heating-tubes in any advantageous way known to those skilled in the art, and the waste gases taken ofi elsewhere than shown. One or more risers 7 leave each of the upper headers at its uppermost point and communicate at their upper ends with steam-headers S, which enter the steam and water drum at a point sufiiciently above the water-line so that they will never be filled. While I prefer the construction shown, a single bent tube may be used instead of 7and 8. The risers 7 and horizontal steam-head ers 8 may be omitted, as may also the water and mud drumlO, or either ofthem, where the service does not require their presence, and if water and mud drumbe omitted the downflows 9 enter the headers 3 direct. Instead of the downfiow-pipes 9 there may be used a stay-bolted chamber, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, or other similarly-constructed passage extending substantially the entire length of the steam and water drum and the water and mud drum and extending from one to the other, which will form a part of the casing of the boiler, as Well as doing service as a downfiow, and instead of the top and bottom headers being in sections there may be used two large headers at the top, leaving space between for removal of injured tubes, as hereinafter described, and one large header at the bottom, or, omitting the space for removal, one large header at top and one large one at the bottom may be used.

The operation of the boiler is as follows: Water being admitted until the headers 2 and passages (5 are filled and fire started in the furnace, the heated gases cause the circulation of the water in the heating-tubes to rise to upper headers, whence it passes to steam and water drum, then successively through downflow-pipes to water and mud drum into the lower headers and back into the heating-tubes again, and so continues. As steam is generated it is separated in the steam and water drum and taken thence for use from the upper side tl1ereof,or where risers 7 and the steam-headers 8 are used the steam passes directly from the headers through such risers and steam-headers to the steam-space in the steam and water drum, the passages 6 serving for the circulation of the Water. \V'liere the steam-headers 8 or their equivalent extend inwardly beyond the inside of the shell of the steam and water drum, danger of drawing water with the steam up the shell of the drum and through steam-exit from same is largely avoided, for it is a Well-demonstrated fact that water will follow the shell of a boiler to the steam-exit where the boiler primes or where there occurs a sudden and heavy demand for steam at the steam-exit.

An additional advantage is gained by having the steam-inlets 8, entering the steam and water drum, point toward the surface of the water, for the water in the drum has a great afiinity for the water held in suspension in the incoming steam and separates it, leaving the steam in a substantially dry state. Using either the risers and headers or omitting them the circulation of the water will be'free and rapid, and should sufficient draft be applied to increase the circulation beyond the capacity of the downflows the water will take a downward course through those heating-tubes farthest removed from thefurnace, thus preventing the fluctuation of water-line and the wet steam which results from such fluctuation. In marine use the boiler is placed with the axis of the steam and water drum running fore and aft, and by this construction the rolling of the vessel will not uncover any of the heating-surface exposed to the hot gases, and yet the passages 6 from the upper headers to steam and water drum will not be at any considerable distance below the water-line at any instant. The downfiows extend at close intervals the entire length of the drums in order that the circulation in each bank or set of tubes may be uniform and equal.

The deflecting-plate 11 is used in water and mud drum to dilfuse the circulation in said drum, thus giving the heavier solid particles in the wateran opportunity to settle, the same being in a precipitate form, due to the high temperature of the water at this point.

Double-unit forms may be constructed, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, by placing two of the single-unit boilers, together with the upper ends of the under set of theinclined heatingtubes,adjacent, so that the heating-tubes form an inverted V. The two boilers thus used are entirely independent and have independent water-lines and feed-water connections, but use a casing 13 and a furnace 1 in common and may be either single-end fired or double-end fired, with grates at the lower end of the inverted V, and arch 16 of refractory material may be placed above the grates. An arch of this type is more particularly described and claimed in my pending application, Serial No. (51,456, filed May 22, 1901.

The illustrations, Figs. 2 and 3, show the double-unit boiler without the water and mud drums, but they may be inserted where the service requires it. The casing 13 and smoke-exit 15 may be arranged in any manner already known to those skilled in the art. In this double-unit type, as in the singleunit type, a single vertical chamber may connect each of the steam and water drums to its corresponding water and mud drum along the entire length of such drums or to lower headers, if said water and mud drum be omitted, which chamber will take the place of the downflow-pipes 9.

For removing the tubes to be replaced I leave, preferablymidway the boilerin a longitudinal direction, a space sufficient for the passage through it of one of either the heating-tubes 4 or downfloW-pipes 9, in which no heating-tubes or headers are placed. This space is shown at 14 in Figs. 3 and 4. Referring now to Fig. 4, the heating tubes are arranged in banks of two, with space between each two adjacent pairs sufficient for the passage of a heating-tube between them, and over the space 14 is a metal cover 21, with firetile or other refractory material 22 beneath and made fast to the cover by bolts23, and the cover is attached to upper headers by holding down bolts 29. A similar cover is also used to cover the space made by leaving out bottom header. Ferrules 20 are placed between tubes and upper headers, and ferrules 24, Fig. 6, are placed between downflow-pipes and lower headers. This removing of injured heating-tubes is accomplished as follows: Again referring to Fig. 4, the cover 21 and covers 25 opposite each end of'the injured tube are removed and the tube split at top and bottom, so as to loosen it in the headers. Then by lowering the tube below its normal position its ferrule 20 is removed and the tube raised sufticiently to permit its lower end being passed back through the space between its normal position and the pair of tubes adjacent thereto until the upper end of the tube is freed from upper header 2. The tube is then passed back to the space between heating-tubes 4 and down'l'lows 9 (shown in Figs. 1 and 2) and then in the direction of the axis of the steam and water drum until it reaches the opening 14, when it is drawn out and a new tube passed in in just the reverse manner from which the one was previously removed. In removing any of the tubes 9 the tube is loosened at each end, and by raising the tube the ferrule 24, Fig. 6, is removed. The tube is then lowered until it will clear the flange on drum 5, which is used to hold it. The tube now being free at the top end, it is only necessary to raise it to free the lower end and then pass it to and remove it through top opening 14 in the same manner as a heating-tube would be drawn out. A new tube is put in in just the reverse manner.

The object in having the removing-space extend the whole distance of the longitudinal direction of top headers is that the tube may he removed with the least possible head-room. WVere the openings 14 made small, it will readily be seen by referring to Figs. 1 and 2 that much more head-space would be necessary.

Changes in and variations from the specific constructions shown and described would readily suggest themselves to persons skilled in the art and still fall within the spirit and scope of my invention, and I do not, therefore, desire to confine myself to the exact constructions and arrangements as shown and described; but,

Having set forth the object and nature of my invention and a form of apparatus embodying the principles thereof, what I claim as new and useful, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a series of upper headers, a steam and water drum, one or more connecting-passages from each of the said headers to the side of the said drum, and one or more downfiow-passages leaving the lower side of such steam and water drum, said downflow passage or passages extending along the drum substantially the same portion of its length as do the passages from the headers, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a steam and water drum, an upper header, one side thereof adjoining the said drum and in communication therewith, and one or more doWnflow-passages leaving the lower side of such steam and water drum, such downflow passage or passages extending along the drum substantially the same portion of, its length as does the upper header, as and for the pur pose set forth.

3. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a steam and water drum, two or more headers, connecting-passages between such headers and drum, and main downflow-pipes leaving the steam and water drum from the lower side thereof atintervals alongits length, there being one or moresuch downflow-pipes for each header, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a steam and water drum, an inclined header, one or more passages, normally water-filled, connecting said header and such drum, and one or more riser-passages leaving the upper side of such header and entering the steam and water drum and terminating at a point above the water-line therein.

5. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a steam and water drum, a horizontal or horizontally-inclined header, one or more passages, normally water-filled, connecting said header to such drum, and one or more riserpassages leaving the upper side of such header and entering the steam and water drum and terminating at a point above the water-line therein.

6. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a steam. and water drum, a series of horizontal orhorizontally-inclined headers, one or more assa es normall water-filled connectin each header to said drum, and one or more riser-passages leaving the upper side of each of such headers and entering the steam and water drum and terminating at a point above the Water-line therein.

7. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a the upper side of said header, such riser-passages entering the said drum above the waterline and extending inwardly beyond the .in--

side of the shell of same.

8. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a steam and water drum, one or more headers, passages, normally water-filled, connecting such drum and headers, and one or more riser-passages from the upper side of each of the said headers, such riser-passages entering the said drum above the water-line and extending inwardly beyond the inside ofthe shell of same.

9. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a steam and water drum,-a header, passages, normally water-filled, connecting such header and drum, and riser-passages from the upper side of said header, such riser-passages entering the said drum and terminating at a point above the water-line therein with the exit ends of same pointing downward.

10. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a steam and water drum, a series of headers,

such drum and headers, and one or more passages from the upper side of each of the said headers, such riser-passages entering the said drum and terminating at a point above the Water-line therein with the exit ends of same pointing downward.

11. The combination of one or more upper headers, a steam and water drum, passages, normally water-filled, connecting said header or headers and such drum, one or more downfiowvpassages from the lower side of such steam and water drum, and one or more riserpassages from the upper side of said header or headers, such riser-passages entering the steam and Water drum and terminating at a point above the water-line therein.

12. In a steam-boiler, the combination of a steam and water drum, a header or headers, passages, normally water-filled, connecting said header or headers and such drum, downfiow-pipes leaving the lower side of said steam and water drum at intervals along its length, and riser-passages from the upper side of said header or headers, such riser-passages entering the said drum and terminating at a point above the water-line therein.

13. In a steam-boiler, comprising banks of vertical or vertically-inclined tubes, terminating in upper and lower headers, a space left open and free between two adjacent headers, of width at least as great as the diameter of the tubes and a removable cover or plug inserted in such space between such headers, as and for the purpose set forth. I

14. In a steam-boiler, comprising banks of vertical or vertically-inclined tubes, two or more top headers connecting with the upper ends, and one or more bottom headers conmeeting with the lower ends of such tubes, with a space or spaces left open and free between the said top headers, and removable covers for such open spaces as and for the purpose set forth.

15. In a steam-boiler, comprising two sets or banks of vertically-inclined tubes together forming an inverted V and each set or bank of tubes terminating in upper and lower headers, a space left open and free between two adjacent headers of each set or bank of tubes, of width at least as great as the diameter of the tubes, such spaces, in the headers on each side of the inverted V, being opposite each other, and removable covers or plugs inserted in such spaces, between such adjacent headers, separated by such spaces, as and for the purpose set forth.

CHAS. B. REARIOK.

, Vitnesses:

H. PAUL AHRNKE, WM. A. SH0UDY. 

